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Ultrasonic Cleaning Effect |
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16 Mar, 2015 |
Ultrasonic Cleaner |
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Ultrasonic cleaning effect has been acknowledged due to its characters of powerful cavitation and excellent penetration. Strong enough to remove intractable dirts, and gentle enough not to damage the surface. Beyond that, there will be possible to improve the cleaning performance of ultrasonic cleaning equipment, so it's significative to
find factors which affect ultrasonic cleaning effect.
Effect of temperature on ultrasonic cleaning
Temperature has a powerful influence on ultrasonic cleaning effectiveness. In general, higher temperature means higher cavitation intensity
and better cleaning effect. However, if the temperature is too high to closely reach the boiling point of the solution, the liquid will boil in the negative pressure
areas of the ultrasound waves, and cause the result of reducing or eliminating cavitation. So the cavitation is maximized at about 70°C (160°F) in pure water, on the other
hand, if chemicals are used in the tank, maybe higher or lower temperatures are required, we suggest you choose the suitable temperature based on instructions provided by the cleaning solution manufacturer and the workpieces being cleaned.
Effect of frequency on ultrasonic cleaning
When the frequency drops below 20 kHz, operating noise not only
becomes very loud but also may exceed maximum safe limits. So the
frequencies from 20 kHz to 30 kHz are commonly used for cleaning applications where higher power levels are required to remove dirts. Because of their powerful energy, they are used in applications where damage to the part itself not be a problem. The low frequency wave also has a better ultrasonic cleaning effect on large or heavy workpieces, large quantities of smaller workpieces and softer materials.
Higher operational frequencies also have advantage to remove smaller size particles more effectively.
The ultrasonic wave results in a more gentle and more penetrable cleaning effect, this effectively minimizes the risk of substrate damage, so they generally have no effect on softer materials. Cavitation can produce great many and small bubbles in liquid to improve ultrasonic cleaning effect especially on gap or blind hole, even there is no need to adjust placement of parts in ultrasonic tank to ensure all surfaces are well cleaned.
Effect of energy density on ultrasonic cleaning
Ultrasonic energy within the cleaning fluid is important for cleaning effectiveness. It's generally accepted that the high energy density signifies the better ultrasonic cleaning effect, in other words, it's necessary to install cleaning transducers throughout the tank as much as possible. Is that true?
Overcrowding the transducers will accelerate the cavitation corrosion of stainless steel, reduction of its service life. Besides, due to the high sound intensity, there will generate great number of useless bubbles near the steel plate, to increase scattering attenuation and form sound barrier. In this situation it will weaken the cleaning effect where is far away from transducers. Therefore, the energy density must be controlled in a reasonable range.
Effect of cleaning solution on ultrasonic cleaning
The water combined with the solutions will loose the particles on the surface of the workpiece, the action matching with ultrasonics to achieve the best cleaning effect. On the other hand, the aqueous cleaning solutions, which incorporating wetting agents, also called surfactants, can improve cavitation effect by reducing the surface tension of water.
It is necessary to choose the appropriate cleaning solution for the cleaning work, obviously, if you want to clean a ring, you have to distinguish that you need the different cleaning solution from removing grease on gear. Ordinarily, weak acids have an good effect on calcium deposits, but they can't clean grease well. For many light greasy contaminations such as dirt on glasses or jewelry, we can only use little chemicals even without any at all. For intractable dirt like the mixture of grease or algae, strong solutions are required to obtain the optimal ultrasonic cleaning effect.
There are too many different options depending on the objects to be cleaned and the main dirts. The question is that some strong solutions will damage certain surface of workpieces even including the stainless steel tank, so we should make the right choice in cleaning solutions which are not only appropriate for good cleaning effect but also without any damage.
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